• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    APPARATUS AND METHOD TO CONTROL FLUID FLOW OF A FORMATION. In aspect, an apparatus for controlling a flow of fluid between a formation and a tubular is provided, wherein the apparatus includes a retrievable communication device configured to be transported to a selected location within the tubular at the bottom of the well. The device also includes a control node configured to communicate with the retrievable communication device at the selected location, a flow control device coupled to and controlled by the control node and a sensor coupled to the control node, where the sensor and the flow control device are lower than the control node
    公开号:BR112013014984B1
    申请号:R112013014984-1
    申请日:2011-11-30
    公开日:2020-07-28
    发明作者:Daniel Newton；Edward J. O'malley
    申请人:Baker Hughes Incorporated；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Cross Reference to Related Orders
    [0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Application Number 12/969899, filed on December 16, 2010, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Description Basics Description Field
    [0002] The description refers generally to an apparatus and method for controlling fluid flow between underground formations and a production column in a well bore. Description of the Related Art
    [0003] To form a borehole or borehole in a formation, a drill set (also referred to as the "borehole set" or "BHA") that carries a drill bit on its lower end is transported to the rock bottom. The well bore can be used to store fluids within the formation or to obtain fluids from the formation, such as hydrocarbons. In some cases the borehole is completed by placing a liner along the length of the borehole and drilling the liner adjacent to each production zone (zone containing hydrocarbons) to extract fluids (such as oil and gas) from the production zone associated. In other cases, the well hole may be an open hole, that is, without coating. One or more flow control devices are placed inside the well bore to control the flow of fluids into the well bore. These flow control devices and production zones are generally separated by shutters. The fluid from each production zone that enters the borehole is aspirated into a tube that flows to the surface.
    [0004] Horizontal well holes are often completed with several flow control devices placed spaced along the length of the horizontal section. The forming fluid often contains a layer of oil, a layer of water below the oil and a layer of gas above the oil. The horizontal well hole is typically placed above the water layer. The boundary layers of oil, water and gas may not be uniform over the entire length of the horizontal well. Also certain properties of the formation, such as porosity and permeability, may not be the same over the length of the well. Therefore, the oil between the formation and the borehole may not flow evenly through the various flow control devices. For production well holes, it is desirable to have a relatively uniform flow of oil into the well hole and also to inhibit the flow of water and gas through the flow control devices. Passive flow inlet control devices are commonly used to control the flow into the well bore. Such inlet flow control devices are adjusted on the surface for a specific flow rate and then installed on the production column, which is then transported and installed inside the well bore. Such pre-set passive flow control devices are not configured for downhole adjustments to alter a flow rate. To change the flow rate through such passive flow control devices, the production column is pulled out to adjust or replace the flow control devices. Such methods are very expensive and time consuming. summary
    [0005] In one aspect, an apparatus for controlling the flow of fluid between a formation and a tubular is provided, wherein the apparatus includes a retrievable communication device configured to be transported to a selected location within the downhole tubular. The device also includes a control node configured to communicate with the retrievable communication device at the selected location, a flow control device coupled to and controlled by the control node and a sensor coupled to the control node, where the sensor and the flow control device are lower than the control node.
    [0006] In another aspect, a method for controlling the flow of fluid between a borehole and a tubular is provided, wherein the method includes transporting a retrievable communication device to the downhole within the tubular to a selected location and communicate between the retrievable communication device and a control node at the selected location. The method also includes transmitting a first signal between the control node and a flow control device and transmitting a second signal between the control node and a sensor, where the sensor and the flow control device are lower than the control node.
    [0007] Examples of the most important features of the description have been summarized quite widely so that the detailed description that follows can be better understood, and so that contributions to the technique can be appreciated. There are, of course, additional features of the description which will be described hereinafter and which will form the subject of the claims attached thereto. Brief Description of Drawings
    [0008] The advantages and additional aspects of the description will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art as it becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered together with the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference characters designate equal or similar elements across all the different figures in the drawing, and in which:
    [0009] Figure 1 is a schematic elevation view of a multi-zone well bore system that has a production column installed in it, whose production column includes one or more flow control devices made according to a modality description and a retrievable communication device configured to adjust the flow through the flow control devices; and
    [00010] Figure 2 is a detailed view of a portion of the production column in Figure 1, which includes the retrievable communication device and the control node. Detailed Description Description
    [00011] The present description refers to an apparatus and methods for controlling the flow of fluids within a well. The present description provides certain exemplary drawings to describe certain modalities of the apparatus and methods which are to be considered an exemplification of the principles described herein and are not intended to limit the concepts and description of the modalities illustrated and described.
    [00012] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary production downhole system 100 that includes a wellhole 110 drilled through a land formation 112 and into a production zone or reservoir 116. The well 110 is shown coated with a coating 132 that has a number of perforations 118 that penetrate and extend into production area 116 so that production fluids can flow from production area 116 into well hole 110. The exemplary well bore 110 is shown including a vertical section 110a and a substantially horizontal section 110b. The well bore 110 includes a production column (or production set) 120 that includes a tubing (also referred to as the tubular or base tube) 122 that extends below a well head 124 on surface 126. The production 120 defines an internal axial bore 128 along its length. An annular space 130 is defined between the production column 120 and the well hole casing 113. The production column 120 is shown including a generally horizontal portion 119 that extends along the leg or offset section 110b of the well hole 110. Production devices 134 are positioned at selected locations along production column 120. Optionally, each production device 134 can be isolated within well bore 110 by a pair of shutter devices 136. Despite only two production devices 134 shown along the horizontal portion 119, any number of such production devices 134 may be arranged along the horizontal portion 119.
    [00013] Each production device 134 includes an adjustable downhole flow control device 138 to govern one or more aspects of the flow of one or more fluids from the production zones into the production column 120. The control device downhole adjustable flow rate 138 may have a number of alternative structural features that provide for selective operation and controlled fluid flow therethrough. In one embodiment, the adjustable downhole flow control device 138 is in communication with a control node 160 configured to communicate signals to determine at least one downhole parameter and adjust a portion of the flow control device 138 Thus, the control node 160 can adjust the flow rate and restriction for each flow control device 138 to control the fluid production of each production zone 116. The control node 160 is also in communication with sensors 162 configured to determine a downhole interest parameter, such as properties within the production column 129 and / or the wellhole 110. The control node 160 can communicate with flow control devices 138 and sensors 162 using a network 164, which may include wireless or wired devices. Wireless communication can be via radio frequency, 802.x protocol, Bluetooth or other suitable devices. The network 164 may also include a conductive wire or a fiber optic cable. The property of interest can be any desired property, including, but not limited to, position of flow control devices 138, flow rate, pressure, temperature, water or gas content within the fluid, resistivity, sound waves, magnetic resonance nuclear, chemical properties, physical properties and optical properties of a downhole fluid. Any suitable sensor can be used to determine the properties of interest, including, but not limited to, a flow meter, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a resistivity sensor, an acoustic sensor, and a nuclear magnetic resonance sensor. Such sensors are known in the art and are therefore not described in detail here. As used herein, the term "fluid" or "fluids" includes liquids, gases, hydrocarbons, multi-phase fluids, mixtures of two or more fluids, water and fluids injected from the surface, such as water. In addition, references to water should also be considered to include water-based fluids; for example, brine or salt water. Flow control devices 138 are any device capable of adjusting a flow rate while disposed at the bottom, where a position of the device corresponds to flow rates ranging from no flow (0% open) to open flow (100 %) and in any position between them (ranging from 0 to 100%).
    [00014] Still referring to Figure 1, the embodiment still shows a tool 150 transported into the well hole of the surface location through a suitable transport member 155, such as a cable or tubular (such as a maintenance or a spiral pipe). Tool 150 includes a retrievable communication device 154 for communication with control node 160. Tool 150 may further include a controller or control unit 170 that includes a processor 172, such as a microprocessor, memory or storage device. data 174, such as solid-state memory, programs and algorithms 176 accessible to processor 170 to execute programmed instructions. A telemetry unit 180 provides two-way communication between the downhole tool 150 and a controller or surface control unit 190 through a communication connection 156. The surface controller 190 can be a computer-based unit and it may include a processor 192, a data storage device 194 and programmed instructions, algorithm models 196 accessible to the processor. Other peripherals, such as a data entry device, a display device 198 etc. can be used to operate controller unit 190. Controller 190 can communicate with a remote unit or satellite unit 199, such as placed in an office.
    [00015] Recoverable communication device 154 can be any device configured to communicate wirelessly with control node 160 at the bottom of the shaft. An exemplary retrievable communication device 154 includes an inductive coupling 154a. Inductive coupling 154a communicates with an inductive coupling 160a at control node 160. Inductive couplings 154a and 160a are configured to communicate a variety of signals, including commands for downhole devices, signals that correspond to detected parameters, energy provided for downhole devices and other signals.
    [00016] Figure 2 is a detailed view of the horizontal portion 119 of the production column 120. The modality presented includes the production devices 134 and the control node 160. The control node is transported to the bottom of the well by the member of transport 155, which may include a cable or maintenance line. The production device 134 in a first position 200a on the production column 120 includes a flow control device 138, a power source 201, a sensor 162 and a sensor 202, wherein the production device 134 is operatively coupled to and in communication with control node 160. A second position 200b is located lower than position 200a, where the production device 134 in 200b, where the production device 134 includes a flow control device 138, a source of energy 201, a sensor 162 and a sensor 202. In embodiments, a plurality of production devices 134 and downhole equipment are positioned across the entire production column 120, where control node 160 is configured to communicate with and control devices and equipment. In one embodiment, control node 160 is separate from production device 134, where control node 160 controls and is located above the bore of a plurality of production devices 134. Control node 160 includes inductive coupling 160a and a processing unit 203 that includes a processor, memory or data storage device, programs and algorithms accessible to the processor to execute programmed or received instructions. The inductive coupling 160a receives signals from the inductive coupling 154a of the retrievable communication device 154, where the signals are received by the processing unit 203. The processing unit 203 then communicates, via network 164, the corresponding commands or functions for flow control devices 138, sensors 162, sensors 202 and other downhole devices. In other embodiments, the signals received by inductive coupling 160a are direct commands transmitted, through network 164, to flow control devices 138, sensors 162 and 202.
    [00017] Exemplary signals or commands sent to downhole devices include adjustments to a formation fluid flow rate through one or more flow control devices 138, where the flow rate is determined by a device position. Flow rates can be manipulated based on the desired production in a given time as well as characteristics of the formation and the formation fluid, which can be known or determined by sensors 162 and 202. Thus, sensors 162 and 202 communicate signals that correspond to detected or determined downhole parameters for retrievable communication device 154 via network 164, optional processing unit 203 and inductive couplings 154a and 160a. In addition, signals can be communicated from sensors 162 and 202 to retrievable communication device 154, where the signals correspond to certain downhole parameters. Determined parameters include flow rate, temperature, pressure, pH and other suitable sensors for formation fluids and / or downhole conditions. Thus, the parameters determined from sensors 162 and 202 are transmitted, through inductive couplings 160a and 154a, to the retrievable communication device 154, where device 154 and controller 170 use the parameters to operate the downhole devices, such as flow control devices 138. For example, referring to components in position 200b, a decrease in a flow rate of the forming fluid 204 is detected by sensor 202, where the flow rate is an input to the device recoverable communication device 154 and controller 170, which then determine a substantially open or increased flow position for flow control device 138. In addition, a flow rate detected at position 200a is also an input to device 154 and the controller 170, wherein an increased flow rate at position 200a leads to a restriction or reduced flow of the flow control device by 200a. Thus, the retrievable communication device 154 is transported to the downhole to adjust flow rates and balance a flow through the production column 120 to optimize production.
    [00018] In addition, the retrievable communication device 154 and control node 160 provide communication of energy signals via inductive couplings 154a and 160a. For example, power sources 201 can be rechargeable batteries used to power the operation of flow control devices 138 for sensors 162, 202. The retrievable communication device 154 can transmit energy signals through inductive couplings 154a, 160a, control node 160 and network 164, for recharging the energy sources 201. In another embodiment without the energy sources 164, the retrievable communication device 154 provides power to operate the flow control devices 138 and the sensors 162, 202 when device 154 is inductively coupled to control node 160. Thus, after retrievable communication device 154 has adjusted and communicated with flow control devices 138 and sensors 162, 202, transport member 155 pulls the tool 150 and the retrievable communication device 154 out of the hole. Consequently, in the embodiment, the downhole devices are only powered when coupled to the retrievable communication device 154 and are only adjusted when the device 154 is transported to the downhole. The production system 100 illustrated (FIGURE 1) includes a temporary inductive coupling of the retrievable communication device 154 and the control node 160 after the device 154 is transported to the downhole to adjust the flow control devices 138 and sensors 162, 202, thereby improving production of forming fluid. Using the temporary extendable tool 150 and retrievable communication device 154, fluid production is improved while costs and time to adjust the equipment are reduced. Also, as there is no permanent control line for the surface, the total system complexity, equipment and maintenance costs are also reduced.
    [00019] Inductive couplings 154a and 160a include suitable components and electrical devices, such as conductors, in a selected configuration to optimize communication between the retrievable communication device 154 and control node 160 without a physical connection. In addition, the inductive coupling between 154a and 160a is configured to pass through the fluids that flow through the production column 120. In one embodiment, the inductive coupling 160a includes an external coil which is a solenoid coiled inductive coil located within the control 160. The external coil is in electrical communication with processor unit 203 and another electronics at or near control node 160. Inductive coupling 154a includes an internal coil which is a solenoid coiled inductive coil located within the communication device recoverable 154. In embodiments, the radial distance between the outer coil of the inductive coupling 160a and the inner coil of the inductive coupling 154a at an axial position selected from the production column 120 will vary with the rotational orientation of the tool 150 with respect to the production column 120 In addition, electronic signatures, such as RFID devices, can be used to guide tool 150 and retrievable communication device 154 at the desired location within production column 120. In other embodiments, the rotational position of tool 150 and retrievable communication device 154 does not affect the inductive coupling with control node 160 since the axial positions of the components are properly aligned.
    [00020] Figures 1 and 2 are intended to be merely illustrative of the teachings of the principles and methods described here and whose principles and methods can be applied to the design, construction and / or use of flow control devices. Furthermore, the above description is directed to specific modalities of the present description for the purpose of illustration and explanation. It will be apparent, however, to someone skilled in the art that many modifications and changes in the modality presented above are possible without departing from the scope of the description.
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [0001]
    1. Method for controlling the flow of fluid (204) between a formation (112) and a well bore (110), characterized by the fact that it comprises: carrying a retrievable communication device (154) including a control unit (170) through a tube (122) to a selected location within the well hole (110); communicating a signal that corresponds to the measurement of the downhole parameter of the downhole sensor to the recoverable communication device (154) at the selected location through a downhole control node (160) included in the pipeline; determining a control signal in response to the signal corresponding to the measurement of the downhole parameter in the control unit (170); and communicating the control signal determined from the recoverable communication device (154) to a flow control device (138) included in the tubular (122) through the control node (160) to control the flow of fluid (204) between the formation (112) and the borehole (110).
    [0002]
    Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that transporting the recoverable communication device (154) comprises transporting the recoverable communication device (154) through one of a cable or a maintenance line.
    [0003]
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises: transporting the recoverable communication device (154) comprises transporting an inductive coupling device (154a); and communicating signals between the retrievable communication device (154) and the control node (160) comprises inductively transmitting signals between the inductive coupling device (154a) and the control node (160).
    [0004]
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it still comprises producing a fluid (204) of the formation (112) while the recoverable communication device (154) is at the bottom of the well.
    [0005]
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that controlling the flow of fluid (204) comprises adjusting a position of a flow control device (138) to control a flow rate.
    [0006]
    6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises communicating between the control node (160) and the retrievable communication device (154) wirelessly through an inductive coupling (154a, 160a).
    [0007]
    7. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the downhole parameter is selected from a group consisting of: (i) flow rate; (ii) resistivity; (iii) acoustic property; (iv) pressure; (v) temperature; (vi) nuclear magnetic resonance property; (vii) chemical property of the fluid (204); (viii) the physical property of the fluid (204); and (ix) optical property of the fluid (204).
    [0008]
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises recovering the recoverable communication device (154) out of the hole (110) after controlling the fluid flow (204).
    [0009]
    9. Apparatus for controlling a downhole flow device, characterized by the fact that it comprises: a recoverable communication device (154) configured to be transported to the downhole to a selected location within a tubular (122); a control node (160) included in the tubular (122) at the selected location configured to communicate with the retrievable communication device (154) at the selected location; a sensor included in the tubular (122) and coupled to the control node (160) configured to provide a signal relating to a downhole parameter to the recoverable communication device (154) via the control node (160); a control unit (170) of the recoverable communication device (154) and transported to the bottom of the well with the recoverable communication device, the control unit (170) configured to determine a signal control signal related to the bottom parameter of the well provided by the sensor; and a flow control device (138) included in the tubular (122) and coupled to the control node (160) and configured to receive the control signal from the recoverable communication device (154) through the control node (160) and control the fluid flow rate (204) of the flow control device (138) using the control signal received, where at least one of the sensor (202) and the flow control device (138) are not in selected location.
    [0010]
    10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the retrievable communication device (154) is configured to be transported to the pit through one of a cable or a maintenance line.
    [0011]
    Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the recoverable communication device (154) comprises an inductive coupling device (154a) configured to inductively transmit signals to the control node (160).
    [0012]
    Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the flow control device (138) is configured to produce a fluid (204) of a formation (112) while the recoverable communication device (154) is at the bottom.
    [0013]
    Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the retrievable communication device (154) is configured to be retrieved out of the bore after controlling the flow rate.
    [0014]
    14. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the control node (160) is located outside the bore of at least one of the sensors (162, 202) and the flow control device (138) and communicates with at least one between the sensor and the flow control device (138) through a network (164).
    [0015]
    15. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the downhole parameter is selected from a group consisting of: flow rate, resistivity, acoustic property, pressure, temperature, nuclear magnetic resonance property, chemical property of the fluid, physical property of the fluid and optical property of the fluid.
    [0016]
    16. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that it further comprises a plurality of flow control devices and a plurality of sensors, wherein the control node (160) is configured to communicate with the plurality of flow control devices flow control and the plurality of sensors.
    [0017]
    17. Apparatus to control a fluid flow rate (204), characterized by the fact that it comprises: a control node (160) included in a production column (120) in a selected location configured to communicate inductively with a device recoverable communication (154) including a control unit (170) transported through a hole in the production column (120) to the selected location; a sensor in the production column (120) configured to communicate a downhole parameter to the recoverable communication device (154) via the control node (160); and a flow control device (138) in the production column (120) configured to receive a control signal from the recoverable communication device (154) through the control node to control the fluid flow rate (204) to the flow control device (138) based on the control signal, where the control signal is determined in the control unit (170) of the recoverable communication device (154) in response to the reported downhole parameter.
    [0018]
    18. Apparatus according to claim 17, characterized by the fact that the flow control device (138) is configured to produce a fluid (204) from the formation (112) while the recoverable communication device (154) is at the bottom of well.
    [0019]
    19. Apparatus according to claim 17, characterized by the fact that the retrievable communication device (154) is configured to be extended to the downhole temporarily to communicate with the flow control device (138) and the sensor.
    [0020]
    20. Apparatus according to claim 17, characterized by the fact that the control node (160) comprises an inductive coupling (160a) and the recoverable communication device (154) comprises an inductive coupling (154a), wherein the control (160) and retrievable communication device (154) communicate wirelessly with each other using inductive couplings (154a, 160a)
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-18| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-09-10| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-03-24| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application according art. 36 industrial patent law|
    2020-06-02| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2020-07-28| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 30/11/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US12/969,899|US8910716B2|2010-12-16|2010-12-16|Apparatus and method for controlling fluid flow from a formation|
    US12/969,899|2010-12-16|
    PCT/US2011/062644|WO2012082378A2|2010-12-16|2011-11-30|Apparatus and method for controlling fluid flow from a formation|
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